Credit Fraud and Identity Theft
THE
CRIME
Rather than approach the subject
of identity theft or credit
fraud from the "what if"
perspective, characteristic of
so many other credit information
sites, we assume that you are
here because you have been, or
believe that you might be, a
victim of either or both. Of
course, we will give you
pointers as to how you might
better protect yourself against,
or recover from, being a victim.
However, we want you to
understand one inescapable fact:
there is no way for you to stop
the free flow, or exchange, of
your personal identifying
information.
It has always been, and will
continue to be, somewhat easy
for professional criminals to
obtain and fraudulently use your
personal information. Though the
Internet provides greater access
to information, it's still
easier and cheaper for criminals
to simply steal your mail or use
other existing and well-known
information gathering techniques
which we, for the betterment of
the credit industry, will not
discuss here.
There is no question that being
a victim of credit card fraud,
or identity theft, will cost you
time and, in many cases, money.
However, the real agony comes
when you begin the painstaking
process of notifying your
creditors and the major credit
reporting agencies, as well as
explaining any negative credit
information to potential
creditors that might appear on
your credit report as a result
of the theft or fraud.
IF YOU'RE A VICTIM
In the event you are a victim of
credit card fraud, the first
thing you should know is that
your responsibility for the
debts incurred from the
fraudulent use of credit cards
is fairly limited.
In the worst case scenario, you
can be held liable for the first
$50 of the loss for each card.
Regardless of this, you should
immediately notify all of your
financial institutions once you
become aware of such fraud.
Quick action can result in
catching the thief. If you
become the victim of identity
theft, your first priority is to
prevent further use of your
identity. In either case you
should:
-
Immediately contact your
local police department.
It's a good idea to go there
in person.
- Provide
as much documented evidence
as you can. Or, at least
write down how you were able
to determine that you have
been victimized.
- Ask for a
copy of the police report.
Some local police
departments refuse to write
reports on the crime of
identity theft or credit
fraud. Keep at them. Demand
a report! Explain that your
creditors may require
submission of the report to
confirm the crime.
-
Immediately notify all of
your credit card issuers.
- Request
that they cancel your cards
and close your accounts.
- Ask them
to send you a letter
confirming that your
accounts have been closed.
- Request
that they update your
account information with all
appropriate credit reporting
agencies indicating:
- the
accounts have been
closed; and,
- that
they were "closed at
consumer's request."
- Get
replacement cards with new
account numbers.
- Notify
all of your financial
institutions that you are a
victim of identity theft.
- Cancel
all of your checking and
savings accounts and open
new accounts. Indentity
thieves will use your
information to open bank
accounts in your name and
then "bounce checks all over
town."
- Request a
secret password to be used
in every transaction.
- Submit
stop payment orders on any
check that doesn't seem
familiar.
- If you
have an ATM card,
immediately cancel it and
designate a new password.
- Do not
create a password with
familiar numbers like your
Social Security Number or
birthday. You can bet that
the thief probably already
has these.
- If bank
accounts have been
fraudulently established, or
checks were stolen, report
this to:
CheckRite: (800) 766-2748
Chexsystems: (800) 328-5121
CrossCheck, Inc: (800)
552-1900
Equifax: (800) 437-5120
National Processing Co:
(800) 526-5380
Shared Check Authorization
Network (SCAN): (800)
262-7771
TeleCheck: (800) 366-2425
- Call the
fraud victim assistance
units of the three major
credit reporting agencies.
Experian: (800) 301-7195
Trans Union: (800) 680-7289
Equifax: (800) 525-6285
-
Obtain your current
credit report from all
three of the national
credit reporting
agencies and make sure
that the information is
accurate. For fast
service, you can order a
3-bureau credit report
and request the
overnight delivery
option.
-
Request that each agency
immediately place a
"fraud alert" or
"consumer statement" on
your credit report:
Example: "I have been
the victim of credit
fraud. Before issuing
any credit in my name,
please verify my
spouse's and my son's
middle names. They are:
Betty and Adam."
- Ask
how long they will
permit the "fraud alert"
or "consumer statement"
to remain on your
report.
-
Request that they
maintain it for the
maximum time permitted.
- Notify
your telephone, electric,
gas, and water utility
companies that you have been
a victim of identity theft.
- Inform
them that someone may
attempt to establish new
service, at a new address,
using your identificaton.
- Contact
the security department of
your long distance carrier.
Request that they issue a
new telephone credit card
and immediately review
current account activity.
- If you
believe that your mail was
stolen for the purpose of
obtaining your identifying
information:
-
Notify your local Postal
Inspector. Mail theft is
a felony.
- If your
Social Security Number has
been compromised resulting
in credit fraud and bad
checks:
Contact the Office of the
Inspector General:
- via
voice (800) 772-0271
- via
email
oig.hotline@ssa.gov
In certain cases where
extreme hardship occurs due
to identity theft, it might
be appropriate to request a
new Social Security Number.
This action should be taken
only as a last resort. If
the Social Security
Administration agrees to
assign you a new Social
Security Number, it is
imperative that you
immediately notify all
appropriate governmental
authorities, banks, credit
card issuers, utility
companies, etc. and all
three major credit reporting
agencies of this change.
- In credit
card fraud cases, the Secret
Service has jurisdiction.
Unless the dollar amount is
high enough, they generally
do not get involved. To get
their attention, request
that the fraud department of
your credit card issuers, or
bank, contact a Secret
Service Agent with whom they
have a working relationship
to review the case.
- In bank
loan fraud cases, the
Federal Bureau of
Investigation has
jurisdiction.
- Contact
your State Department of
Motor Vehicles to get a new
driver's license number, if
someone has been using yours
as identification.
- If you
have been the victim of
identity fraud, you may want
to notify your local
passport office to be on the
lookout for anyone
attempting to apply for a
new passport using your
personal information.
How
You Can Protect Yourself
The following
will help improve your chances
to avoid identity theft:
- Minimize
the amount of information a
thief can get, if you lose
your wallet or purse:
Unless it is absolutely
necessary, do not carry the
following items with you:
- Credit
cards that you do not use
regularly
- Your
Social Security card
- Your
birth certificate
- Your
passport
- Minimize
the amount of your personal
information which is easily
obtainable:
-
Remove your name from
the "pre-approved offers
of credit and marketing"
lists of the major
credit bureaus.
The "Opt-Out" Hotline
for each reporting
agency: Experian
(formerly TRW), Equifax
and Trans Union is:
"Opt-Out" Hotline:
1-888-567-8688
- Sign
up for the Direct
Marketing Association's
Mail and Telephone
Preference Services.
This will assure that
your name is added to
computerized name
deletion lists used by
nationwide marketers.
Mail Preference Service
P.O. Box 9008
Farmingdale, NY 11735
Telephone Preference
Service
P.O. Box 9014
Farmingdale, NY 11735
- Have
your name and address
removed from telephone
directories and reverse
directories.
- Cancel
any unused credit card
accounts.
- Always
take your credit card
receipt with you when you
complete a transaction.
-
Retain your credit card
receipts to check
against your monthly
statements.
- Never
discard credit card
receipts, or carbons, in
a public trash
container.
- Shred
credit card receipts, or
carbons, before you
discard them in your
garbage at home.
- If a new,
or reissued, credit card
doesn't arrive when you
expect it should,
immediately contact the
issuer.
- When you
order new checks, pick them
up at the bank, do not have
them delivered to your home.
- Whenever
you close a bank account,
destroy all unused checks
immediately.
- If your
bank, or credit card issuer
sends you courtesy checks,
either destroy them or store
them in a secure location.
- Mail your
paid bills from the post
office, not from home, or
any street corner mailbox.
- Install a
locked mailbox at home.
- Keep a
list of all vital credit
card and banking information
in a secure place, or sign
up for a credit card
protection service.
- In
the event you prefer to
keep your own records,
do not keep the list in
your wallet.
The list
should include:
- All
account numbers;
- All
expiration dates; and,
-
Telephone numbers for
the banks' or card
issuers' customer
service and fraud
departments.
- Never
provide information
regarding your credit
card number, Social
Security number,
birthday, mother's
maiden name, etc. over
the phone to anyone
unless:
- You
have a trusted
relationship with the
company; and,
- You
initiated the phone
call.
- Obtain
your credit reports from all
three credit reporting
agencies at least twice a
year.
- You
can purchase a credit
report directly from
each credit reporting
agency, or you can visit
our www.credit.com site
and obtain a free credit
report.
-
Review all accounts for
accuracy.
- Make
sure that you are aware
of every account.
- Check
to see if there is any
unusual activity
indicating possible
fraud.
- For
extra protection when
creating passwords, or
personal identification
numbers (PINS), do not
use:
-
Your birthdate
-
your middle name
-
your pet's name
-
the last four digits
of your Social
Security Number
-
consecutive numbers
-
other information
easily discoverable
by identity thieves
- Ask banks
to add extra security
protection to your account
verification process.
- Many
will permit you to use
an additional code (a
word, or number) when
accessing your account.
The code you designate
should be more creative
than your mother's
maiden name.
- Do not
write down your list of
passwords on anything that
you carry with you. Commit
them to memory.
- When
using an ATM machine or
phone card, shield your
hand.
- Your
Social Security Number is
one of the, if not "the,"
most sensitive pieces of
personal information about
you. It should be released
only when necessary.
- It is as
private as your net worth
and tax information;
- It is the
gatekeeper to your credit
and bank accounts; and,
- It is an
identity thief's lottery
ticket.
- It should
never be printed on your
checks.
- It should
never be printed on your
resume.
- It should
not be written on the back
of any of your checks by a
salesperson.
- Carefully
review all credit card and
telephone bills, especially
cellular phone bills, for
unauthorized use.
- Shred all
personal information,
especially pre-approved
credit offers, before you
discard it in the garbage.
You must not allow the
following information to be
reconstructed:
-
"Pre-approved" credit
card offers
-
credit card, or ATM,
receipts
-
phone, or other utility,
bills
-
voided checks
- Always
keep canceled checks in a
locked, preferably
fire-proof, storage
container.
SUMMARY
While all of the
above should prove helpful, none
of the above is completely
fail-safe. We do believe,
however, that if you follow
these guidelines, you should
recover from the trauma of
identity theft in a reasonable
period of time, in pretty good
shape. And, you can put yourself
in a much stronger position to
either avoid, or at least,
minimize the significant damage
that can be done to your credit
history in the event you are a
victim of this crime.
In all cases it is important to
understand:
The need for comprehensive
documentation:
When dealing with government
agencies, financial
institutions, credit extenders,
utility companies and the
police, it is imperative that
you:
- Keep a
log of all conversations,
specifically noting names,
dates, times and telephone
numbers;
- Send all
correspondence by certified
mail, return receipt
requested;
- Keep
copies of all letters and
documents (including the
envelopes in which they were
sent); and,
- Include
your police report number
whenever you report the
crime.
Donīt be afraid to consult
legal counsel
If you encounter any resistance
as you make your way through the
process, it may well be a very
good idea to retain legal
counsel. An attorney can help
you evaluate your position and
understand your rights under
various banking, credit and
Social Security laws. If you do
not have counsel, you might
consider contacting the lawyer
referral service of your county
or state Bar Association.
If you have any questions, or
need further information about
how to detect, or recover from,
identity theft, we recommend
that you contact the Department
of Consumer Affairs or Office of
the Attorney General in your
state, or the Federal Trade
Commission.
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